Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle, sentence 65
He that heard them so cry had never doubted that they were men of valour.
Who acts: Mountjoy, men · What happens: hear, cry, not doubt, be · To what, where: men
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Heathen and the French Prepared For Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mountjoy, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 2 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 doubted | parataxis |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | obj |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 cry | advmod |
| 6 | cry | cry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 heard | xcomp |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 doubted | aux |
| 8 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 9 doubted | advmod |
| 9 | doubted | doubt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 men | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 men | nsubj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 men | cop |
| 13 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 doubted | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 valour | case |
| 15 | valour | valour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 men | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 doubted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Mountjoy | men = man | that nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | cry speech: express | infinitive | men = man not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | not doubt | past · perfect | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | is a | past | men = man | men | of valour | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/30/65/