Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Battle, sentence 67
For all this they made such slaughter among the heathen that King Almaris, who led the armies of the enemy, scarcely could win back his way to his own people, wounded in four places and sorely spent.
Who acts: thrust, King · What happens: make, lead, win back, wound, spend · To what, where: such slaughter, armies, way, own people, four places
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Battle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thrust, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 this | case |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 this | det:predet |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 made | obl |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 made | nsubj |
| 5 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 slaughter | amod |
| 7 | slaughter | slaughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 made | obj |
| 8 | among | among | ADP | _ | 10 heathen | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 heathen | det |
| 10 | heathen | heathen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 made | obl |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 King | mark |
| 12 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 heathen | appos |
| 13 | Almaris | Almaris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 King | flat |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 led | punct |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 led | nsubj |
| 16 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 King | acl:relcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 armies | det |
| 18 | armies | army | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 led | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 enemy | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 enemy | det |
| 21 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 armies | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 win | punct |
| 23 | scarcely | scarcely | ADV | _ | 25 win | advmod |
| 24 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 win | aux |
| 25 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 led | conj |
| 26 | back | back | ADV | _ | 25 win | advmod |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 way | nmod:poss |
| 28 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 win | obl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 people | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 people | nmod:poss |
| 31 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 people | amod |
| 32 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 win | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 wounded | punct |
| 34 | wounded | wound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 people | acl |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 places | case |
| 36 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 places | nummod |
| 37 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 wounded | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 spent | cc |
| 39 | sorely | sorely | ADV | _ | 40 spent | advmod |
| 40 | spent | spend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 wounded | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | thrust | such slaughter | for this; among the heathen | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent slaughter=Product for this=Asset | |||
| 2 | lead | past | King | the armies of the enemy | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Theme | ||||
| 3 | win back | could | King not said here | King's way | to King's own people; scarcely property | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | wound | participle | King's own people not said here | four places | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | spend | participle | sorely property | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/31/67/