Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Roland Sounded His Horn, sentence 30
"You say well," cried Roland, and he put his horn to his lips, and gave so mighty a blast upon it, that the sound was heard thirty leagues away.
Who acts: You, Roland · What happens: say, cry, put, give, hear · To what, where: horn, blast, sound · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Roland Sounded His Horn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, Roland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 say | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 say | nsubj |
| 3 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 say | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 cried | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 cried | punct |
| 7 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 say | conj |
| 8 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 cried | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 put | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 put | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 put | nsubj |
| 12 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 cried | conj |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 horn | nmod:poss |
| 14 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 put | obj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 lips | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 lips | nmod:poss |
| 17 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 put | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 gave | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 gave | cc |
| 20 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 cried | parataxis |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 22 mighty | advmod |
| 22 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 gave | xcomp |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 blast | det |
| 24 | blast | blast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 gave | obj |
| 25 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 26 it | case |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 gave | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 heard | punct |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 heard | mark |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 sound | det |
| 30 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 heard | aux:pass |
| 32 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 gave | conj |
| 33 | thirty | thirty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 leagues | nummod |
| 34 | leagues | league | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 away | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | away | away | ADV | _ | 32 heard | advmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | You | well property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past | Roland | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | put | past | Roland | Roland's horn | to Roland's lips | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent horn=Goal | |||
| 4 | give | past | a blast | upon blast; mighty property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blast=Theme | ||||
| 5 | hear | past · passive | the sound | away property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/32/30/