Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 4
Where are you, Roland?" he said; "and you, Oliver?"
Who acts: you, King · What happens: be, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 9 said | advmod |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Where | cop |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 1 Where | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Roland | punct |
| 5 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Where | appos |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 Roland | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 Roland | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 you | cc |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 said | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Oliver | punct |
| 15 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 said | parataxis |
| 16 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 15 Oliver | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 Oliver | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | you | Roland appos; where property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | King | you conj; Oliver parataxis | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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