Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance, sentence 5
All the Twelve Peers whom he had left behind to guard the passes he called, but no man answered.
Who acts: King, man · What happens: leave behind, guard, call, answer · To what, where: Twelve Peers, passes · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Charlemagne Sought Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 Peers | det:predet |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Peers | det |
| 3 | Twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 Peers | nummod |
| 4 | Peers | Peer | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 left | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 left | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 left | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 left | aux |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 8 left | advmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 guard | mark |
| 11 | guard | guard | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 left | advcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 passes | det |
| 13 | passes | pass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 guard | obj |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 called | nsubj |
| 15 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 passes | acl:relcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 answered | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 answered | cc |
| 18 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 19 man | det |
| 19 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 answered | nsubj |
| 20 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 left | parataxis |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 left | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave behind | past · perfect · passive | all Twelve Peers | whom nsubj:pass; King nsubj; behind property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | guard | to-infinitive | the passes | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pass=Beneficiary | |||||
| 3 | call | past | King | the passes not said here | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pass=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | answer speech: assert | past | no man | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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