Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand, sentence 82
Then said Huon, "I will prove that this Amaury is a false liar, and will make him confess that I knew not the knight whom I slew to be the King's son.
Who acts: Huon, Amaury, knight · What happens: say, prove, be, make, confess, not know · To what, where: false liar, knight, son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How King Charles Sent Huon on an Errand. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon, Amaury, knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 said | advmod |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 said | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 prove | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 prove | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 prove | nsubj |
| 7 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 prove | aux |
| 8 | prove | prove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 said | parataxis |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 liar | mark |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 Amaury | det |
| 11 | Amaury | Amaury | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 liar | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 liar | cop |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 liar | det |
| 14 | false | false | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 liar | amod |
| 15 | liar | liar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 prove | ccomp |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 make | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 make | cc |
| 18 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 make | aux |
| 19 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 prove | conj |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 make | obj |
| 21 | confess | confess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 make | xcomp |
| 22 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 knew | mark |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 knew | nsubj |
| 24 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 confess | advcl |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 knew | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 knight | det |
| 27 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 knew | obj |
| 28 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 slew | obj |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 slew | nsubj |
| 30 | slew | slay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 knight | acl:relcl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 son | mark |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 son | cop |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 King | det |
| 34 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 son | nmod:poss |
| 35 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 34 King | case |
| 36 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 slew | ccomp |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Huon | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | prove in a quote | future | Huon | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | this Amaury | a false liar | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | make in a quote | future | Huon not said here | knight | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | confess in a quote | infinitive | knight not said here | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | not know in a quote | past | Huon | the knight | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer knight=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | slay in a quote | past | Huon | the knight | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient | ||||
| 8 | is a in a quote | to-infinitive | Huon not said here | the King's son | the King nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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