Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire, sentence 70
As for the Duke, when he saw how he had been deceived, he fled by a secret way that he knew, and, leaping from a window, so escaped.
Who acts: Duke · What happens: see, deceive, flee, know, leap, escape · To what, where: Duke, secret way, window · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the End of the False Duke Macaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 4 Duke | case |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 1 As | fixed |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Duke | det |
| 4 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Duke | punct |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 saw | advmod |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 deceived | advmod |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 deceived | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 deceived | aux |
| 12 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 deceived | aux:pass |
| 13 | deceived | deceive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 saw | ccomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fled | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 fled | nsubj |
| 16 | fled | flee | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 saw | parataxis |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 way | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 way | det |
| 19 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 way | amod |
| 20 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fled | obl |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 knew | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 knew | nsubj |
| 23 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 way | acl:relcl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 leaping | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 leaping | cc |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 leaping | punct |
| 27 | leaping | leap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 fled | advcl |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 window | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 window | det |
| 30 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 leaping | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 escaped | punct |
| 32 | so | so | ADV | _ | 33 escaped | advmod |
| 33 | escaped | escape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 fled | conj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Duke | as the Duke | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | deceive | past · perfect · passive | Duke | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | flee | past | Duke | by a secret way | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | know | past | Duke | a secret way not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | leap | gerund | Duke not said here | a window | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from window=Trajectory | ||||
| 6 | escape | participle | Duke not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/40/70/