Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon Returned, His Errand Fulfilled, sentence 120
There had been, it is said, many signs of his death--eclipses of the sun and moon, and other marvellous things.
Who acts: Huon · What happens: say, sign, die, eclipse · To what, where: two, death, sun · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon Returned, His Errand Fulfilled. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 been | expl |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 been | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 said | aux:pass |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 been | punct |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | aux:pass |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 signs | punct |
| 9 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 signs | amod |
| 10 | signs | sign | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 said | parataxis |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 death | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 death | nmod:poss |
| 13 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 signs | nmod |
| 14 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 15 eclipses | punct |
| 15 | eclipses | eclipse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 signs | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 sun | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 sun | det |
| 18 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 eclipses | nmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 moon | cc |
| 20 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sun | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 things | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 things | cc |
| 23 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 things | amod |
| 24 | marvellous | marvellous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 things | amod |
| 25 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 eclipses | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | participle · passive | two | many signs of Huon's death and eclipses of the sun and moon and other marvellous things parataxis | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 2 | sign | Huon's death | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 3 | die | Huon | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 4 | eclipse | the sun and moon | nom eclipse «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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