Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Huon Returned, His Errand Fulfilled, sentence 84
When Gerames saw what had befallen, he said to the Admiral, "Know that I am no Saracen, no, nor nephew of yours, but I came to look for my lord, Huon of Bordeaux."
Who acts: Gerames, Admiral · What happens: see, befall, say, know, be, come · To what, where: Admiral, Saracen · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Huon Returned, His Errand Fulfilled. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerames, Admiral), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 saw | advmod |
| 2 | Gerames | gerame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | advcl |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 6 befallen | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 befallen | aux |
| 6 | befallen | befall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 saw | ccomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 saw | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 Admiral | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Admiral | det |
| 12 | Admiral | admiral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Know | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 Know | punct |
| 15 | Know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | conj |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 Saracen | mark |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 Saracen | nsubj |
| 18 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 Saracen | cop |
| 19 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 20 Saracen | det |
| 20 | Saracen | Saracen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Know | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 nephew | punct |
| 22 | no | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 25 nephew | discourse |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 nephew | punct |
| 24 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 25 nephew | cc |
| 25 | nephew | nephew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Saracen | appos |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 yours | case |
| 27 | yours | your | PRON | Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 nephew | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 came | punct |
| 29 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 came | cc |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 came | nsubj |
| 31 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | conj |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 look | mark |
| 33 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 came | xcomp |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 lord | case |
| 35 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 lord | nmod:poss |
| 36 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 look | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 Huon | punct |
| 38 | Huon | Huon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 lord | appos |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 Bordeaux | case |
| 40 | Bordeaux | Bordeaux | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Huon | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Gerames | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | befall | past · perfect · passive | what nsubj:pass | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Admiral | the Admiral | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to admiral=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | know in a quote | infinitive | Admiral not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | Admiral | no Saracen | nephew of yours appos | tree rules | |||
| 6 | come in a quote | past | Admiral | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | look in a quote | to-infinitive | Admiral not said here | for my lord | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for lord=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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