Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Craft of Mawgis, sentence 42
Not so," answered Roland, "the Gascons are but cowards." "
Who acts: Gascons · What happens: answer, be · To what, where: Roland, cowards · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Craft of Mawgis. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gascons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 2 so | advmod |
| 2 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 answered | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 answered | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 answered | punct |
| 5 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 answered | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cowards | punct |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 cowards | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Gascons | det |
| 10 | Gascons | gascon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 cowards | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 cowards | cop |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 cowards | cc |
| 13 | cowards | coward | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 answered | parataxis |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 cowards | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 cowards | punct |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 cowards | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert in a quote | past | Roland | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | the Gascons | cowards | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/8/42/