Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular, Opening, part 13, sentence 50
The great demand for their skins which has arisen of late, the use of the rifle in the hands of the tourist, and the employment of the shot-gun by the freedmen have united in causing a frightful mortality among these reptiles.
Who acts: freedmen · What happens: arise, unite, cause, demand, use, employ · To what, where: skins, great demand, frightful mortality, rifle, shot gun
This is a sentence of «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (freedmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 demand | det |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 demand | amod |
| 3 | demand | demand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 united | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 skins | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 skins | nmod:poss |
| 6 | skins | skin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 demand | nmod |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 arisen | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 arisen | aux |
| 9 | arisen | arise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 skins | acl:relcl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 late | case |
| 11 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 arisen | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 use | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 use | det |
| 14 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 demand | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 rifle | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rifle | det |
| 17 | rifle | rifle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 use | nmod |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 hands | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 hands | det |
| 20 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 rifle | nmod |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 tourist | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 tourist | det |
| 23 | tourist | tourist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hands | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 employment | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 employment | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 employment | det |
| 27 | employment | employment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 demand | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 gun | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 gun | det |
| 30 | shot | shot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 gun | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 shot | punct |
| 32 | gun | gun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 employment | nmod |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 35 freedmen | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 freedmen | det |
| 35 | freedmen | freedman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 demand | nmod |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 united | aux |
| 37 | united | unite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 38 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 39 causing | mark |
| 39 | causing | cause | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 united | advcl |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 mortality | det |
| 41 | frightful | frightful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 mortality | amod |
| 42 | mortality | mortality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 causing | obj |
| 43 | among | among | ADP | _ | 45 reptiles | case |
| 44 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 45 reptiles | det |
| 45 | reptiles | reptile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 causing | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 37 united | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arise | present · perfect · passive | demand's skins | of late | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | unite | present · perfect · passive | the great demand for demand's skins by the freedmen and the use of the rifle in the hands of the tourist and the employment of the shot gun | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | cause | gerund | a frightful mortality | among this reptiles | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition mortality=Patient | ||||
| 4 | demand | the freedmen | for demand's skins | nom demand «communication transitive»: for=obl by=agent | |||||
| 5 | use | the rifle in the hands of the tourist | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | employ | the shot gun | nom employment «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Project Gutenberg book 76586 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76586/13/50/