Ojibwa myths and tales, Wintigoes (giants)., sentence 12
They both went out till they came to the place where they saw, as if somebody had been underbrushing, so fierce was the battle that all the underbrush and small trees were knocked or trampled down.
Who acts: people, somebody, underbrushing · What happens: go out, come, see, underbrush, be, knock · To what, where: place, battle, underbrush
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Wintigoes (giants).. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, somebody, underbrushing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 2 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 went | advmod |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 went | compound:prt |
| 5 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 7 came | mark |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 came | nsubj |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | advcl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 place | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 place | det |
| 10 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | obl |
| 11 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 13 saw | advmod |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 saw | nsubj |
| 13 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 place | acl:relcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 underbrushing | punct |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 underbrushing | mark |
| 16 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 20 underbrushing | mark |
| 17 | somebody | somebody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 20 underbrushing | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 underbrushing | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 underbrushing | aux |
| 20 | underbrushing | underbrush | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 battle | csubj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 fierce | punct |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 fierce | advmod |
| 23 | fierce | fierce | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 underbrushing | conj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 battle | cop |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 battle | det |
| 26 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | parataxis |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 knocked | obj |
| 28 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 underbrush | det:predet |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 underbrush | det |
| 30 | underbrush | underbrush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 knocked | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 trees | cc |
| 32 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 trees | amod |
| 33 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 underbrush | conj |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 knocked | aux:pass |
| 35 | knocked | knock | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 battle | acl:relcl |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 trampled | cc |
| 37 | trampled | trample | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 knocked | conj |
| 38 | down | down | ADP | _ | 37 trampled | compound:prt |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | people | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | come | past | people | the place | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | see | past | people | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | underbrush a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect · progressive | somebody | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | is a | past | underbrushing | the battle | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | knock | past · passive | all underbrush and small trees | the battle obj | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Destination that=Theme | ||||
| 7 | trample down | participle | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/15/12/