Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 112
Up to Burton’s time a lion—said to be a descendant of Nigar’s riding lion—used to be kept in a cage under a tamarind tree, close to Shah Makai’s last resting place.
What happens: say, be, use, keep · To what, where: descendant, cage · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Up | up | ADV | _ | 9 said | advmod |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 time | case |
| 3 | Burton | Burton | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 time | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 3 Burton | case |
| 5 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Up | obl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lion | det |
| 7 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 time | nmod:unmarked |
| 8 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Up | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 descendant | mark |
| 11 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 descendant | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 descendant | det |
| 13 | descendant | descendant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | ccomp |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 lion | case |
| 15 | Nigar | Nigar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 lion | nmod:poss |
| 16 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 15 Nigar | case |
| 17 | riding | riding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lion | compound |
| 18 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 descendant | nmod |
| 19 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 used | punct |
| 20 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | conj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 kept | mark |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 kept | aux:pass |
| 23 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 used | xcomp |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 cage | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 cage | det |
| 26 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 kept | obl |
| 27 | under | under | ADP | _ | 30 tree | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 tree | det |
| 29 | tamarind | tamarind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tree | compound |
| 30 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 kept | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 close | punct |
| 32 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 used | parataxis |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 place | case |
| 34 | Shah | Shah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 place | nmod:poss |
| 35 | Makai | Makai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Shah | flat |
| 36 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 34 Shah | case |
| 37 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 place | amod |
| 38 | resting | resting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 place | compound |
| 39 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 close | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | to-infinitive | a descendant | of Nigar's riding lion | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | use | past | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 4 | keep | to-infinitive · passive | a cage | under a tamarind tree | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: in cage=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/112/