Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 197
It stood on an oasis in the desert; and to guard its people from sudden raids by desert tribes, one of its kings had built round it a great wall.
Who acts: glory · What happens: stand, guard, build · To what, where: oasis, people, one
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 stood | nsubj |
| 2 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 oasis | case |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 oasis | det |
| 5 | oasis | oasis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 stood | obl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 desert | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 desert | det |
| 8 | desert | desert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 stood | obl |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 guard | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 guard | cc |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 guard | mark |
| 12 | guard | guard | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 stood | advcl |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 people | nmod:poss |
| 14 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 guard | obj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 raids | case |
| 16 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 raids | amod |
| 17 | raids | raid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 guard | obl |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 tribes | case |
| 19 | desert | desert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 tribes | compound |
| 20 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 guard | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 one | punct |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 built | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 kings | case |
| 24 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 kings | nmod:poss |
| 25 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 one | nmod |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 built | aux |
| 27 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 guard | parataxis |
| 28 | round | round | ADP | _ | 29 it | case |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 built | obl |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 wall | det |
| 31 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 wall | amod |
| 32 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 built | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | glory | a oasis | in the desert | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on oasis=Location | |||
| 2 | guard | to-infinitive | glory not said here | glory's people | by desert tribes; from sudden raids | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary from raid=Theme | |||
| 3 | build | past · perfect · passive | one of glory's kings | round glory; a great wall obl | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/197/