Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 34
The astonished Makhdum Nuh took his slate to his teacher, who found that what was written on it far transcended even his understanding.
Who acts: astonished Makhdum Nuh, teacher, boat, Nuh · What happens: take, find, write, transcend, understand · To what, where: slate, teacher, understanding · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (astonished Makhdum Nuh, teacher, boat, Nuh), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Nuh | det |
| 2 | astonished | astonished | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Nuh | amod |
| 3 | Makhdum | Makhdum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Nuh | compound |
| 4 | Nuh | Nuh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 took | nsubj |
| 5 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 slate | nmod:poss |
| 7 | slate | slate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | obj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 teacher | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 teacher | nmod:poss |
| 10 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 found | punct |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 found | nsubj |
| 13 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 teacher | acl:relcl |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 written | mark |
| 15 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 17 written | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 written | aux:pass |
| 17 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 found | ccomp |
| 18 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 21 transcended | mark |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 transcended | nsubj |
| 20 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 21 transcended | advmod |
| 21 | transcended | transcend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 written | advcl |
| 22 | even | even | ADV | _ | 24 understanding | advmod |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 understanding | nmod:poss |
| 24 | understanding | understanding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 transcended | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the astonished Makhdum Nuh | Nuh's slate | Nuh's teacher | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent slate=Theme to teacher=Destination | |||
| 2 | find | past | Nuh's teacher | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | write | past · passive | what nsubj:pass | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | transcend | past | boat | Nuh's understanding | far property | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot understanding=Theme | |||
| 5 | understand | Nuh | nom understanding «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/34/