Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 36
Makhdum Nuh told him about the three strangers in the boat; thereupon his teacher guessed what had happened and embraced the boy, as one to whom the Prophet had vouchsafed a vision.
Who acts: Makhdum, teacher, Prophet · What happens: tell, guess, happen, embrace, vouchsafe · To what, where: Nuh, boy, vision · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Makhdum, teacher, Prophet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Makhdum | Makhdum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 told | nsubj |
| 2 | Nuh | Nuh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Makhdum | flat |
| 3 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 told | iobj |
| 5 | about | about | ADP | _ | 8 strangers | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 strangers | det |
| 7 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 strangers | nummod |
| 8 | strangers | stranger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 told | obl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 boat | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 boat | det |
| 11 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 strangers | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 guessed | punct |
| 13 | thereupon | thereupon | ADV | _ | 16 guessed | advmod |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 teacher | nmod:poss |
| 15 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 guessed | nsubj |
| 16 | guessed | guess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 told | parataxis |
| 17 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 19 happened | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 happened | aux |
| 19 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 guessed | ccomp |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 embraced | cc |
| 21 | embraced | embrace | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 guessed | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 boy | det |
| 23 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 embraced | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 one | punct |
| 25 | as | as | ADP | _ | 26 one | case |
| 26 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 embraced | obl |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 whom | case |
| 28 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 one | nmod |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Prophet | det |
| 30 | Prophet | Prophet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 vouchsafed | nsubj |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 vouchsafed | aux |
| 32 | vouchsafed | vouchsafe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 whom | acl:relcl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 vision | det |
| 34 | vision | vision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 vouchsafed | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | Makhdum | Nuh | about the three strangers in the boat | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient about stranger=Topic | |||
| 2 | guess | past | Nuh's teacher | thereupon property | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | happen | past · perfect | what nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | embrace | past | Nuh's teacher not said here | the boy | as one | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Co-Agent | |||
| 5 | vouchsafe | past · perfect | the Prophet | a vision | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/36/