Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, The Noose of Murad., sentence 56
So ended the fortunes of the greedy and faithless adventurer; and that is why men say to-day that it is better to be contented with one’s lot than to rise so high that in the end one dangles from the end of a rope forty or fifty feet above the ground.
Who acts: that, men, day, end one · What happens: end, be, say, content, rise, dangle · To what, where: fortunes, end · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, The Noose of Murad.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, men, day, end one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 ended | advmod |
| 2 | ended | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 fortunes | det |
| 4 | fortunes | fortune | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 ended | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 adventurer | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 adventurer | det |
| 7 | greedy | greedy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 adventurer | amod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 faithless | cc |
| 9 | faithless | faithless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 greedy | conj |
| 10 | adventurer | adventurer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fortunes | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 why | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 why | cc |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 why | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 why | cop |
| 15 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 ended | parataxis |
| 16 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 say | nsubj |
| 17 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 why | advcl:relcl |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 day | case |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 to | punct |
| 20 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 say | obl |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 better | mark |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 better | expl |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 better | cop |
| 24 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 day | acl:relcl |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 contented | mark |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 contented | aux:pass |
| 27 | contented | content | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 better | advcl |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 lot | case |
| 29 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 lot | nummod |
| 30 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 29 one | case |
| 31 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 contented | obl |
| 32 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 34 rise | mark |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 rise | mark |
| 34 | rise | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 contented | advcl |
| 35 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 high | advmod |
| 36 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 rise | xcomp |
| 37 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 42 dangles | mark |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 end | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 end | det |
| 40 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 one | compound |
| 41 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 dangles | nsubj |
| 42 | dangles | dangle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 high | advcl |
| 43 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 end | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 end | det |
| 45 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 dangles | obl |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 rope | case |
| 47 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 rope | det |
| 48 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 end | nmod |
| 49 | forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 52 feet | nummod |
| 50 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 51 fifty | cc |
| 51 | fifty | fifty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 49 forty | conj |
| 52 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 rope | nmod |
| 53 | above | above | ADP | _ | 55 ground | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 ground | det |
| 55 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 feet | nmod |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ended | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | end | past | the fortunes of the greedy adventurer | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality fortune=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | is | present | that | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | men | day | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is | present | day not said here | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | content | to-infinitive · passive | day not said here | with one lot | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | ||||
| 6 | rise | to-infinitive | day not said here | high property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | dangle | present | end one | from the end of a rope forty feet above the ground | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/12/56/