Legends of the conquest of Spain, Opening, sentence 10
When the nation had recovered in some degree from the effects of this astounding blow, or rather, had become accustomed to the tremendous reverse which it produced, and sage men sought to inquire and write the particulars, it was too late to ascertain them in their exact verity.
Who acts: nation, sage men, it · What happens: recover, become, accustom, produce, seek, inquire · To what, where: nation, degree, tremendous reverse, particulars, men, exact verity
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nation, sage men, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 recovered | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 nation | det |
| 3 | nation | nation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 recovered | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 recovered | aux |
| 5 | recovered | recover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 degree | case |
| 7 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 degree | det |
| 8 | degree | degree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 recovered | obl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 effects | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 effects | det |
| 11 | effects | effect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 recovered | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 blow | case |
| 13 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 blow | det |
| 14 | astounding | astounding | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 blow | amod |
| 15 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 effects | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 become | punct |
| 17 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 become | cc |
| 18 | rather | rather | ADV | _ | 21 become | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 rather | punct |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 become | aux |
| 21 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 recovered | conj |
| 22 | accustomed | accustom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 become | xcomp |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 reverse | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 reverse | det |
| 25 | tremendous | tremendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 reverse | amod |
| 26 | reverse | reverse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 accustomed | obl |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 produced | obj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 produced | nsubj |
| 29 | produced | produce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 reverse | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 sought | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 sought | cc |
| 32 | sage | sage | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 men | amod |
| 33 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 sought | nsubj |
| 34 | sought | seek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 become | parataxis |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 inquire | mark |
| 36 | inquire | inquire | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 sought | xcomp |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 write | cc |
| 38 | write | write | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 inquire | conj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 particulars | det |
| 40 | particulars | particular | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 write | obj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 late | punct |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 late | nsubj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 late | cop |
| 44 | too | too | ADV | _ | 45 late | advmod |
| 45 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 sought | parataxis |
| 46 | to | to | PART | _ | 47 ascertain | mark |
| 47 | ascertain | ascertain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 45 late | csubj |
| 48 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 ascertain | obj |
| 49 | in | in | ADP | _ | 52 verity | case |
| 50 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 verity | nmod:poss |
| 51 | exact | exact | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 verity | amod |
| 52 | verity | verity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 ascertain | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 recovered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | recover | past · perfect · passive | the nation | some degree | from the effects of this astounding blow | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from effect=Source | |||
| 2 | become | past · perfect | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | accustom | participle | to the tremendous reverse | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | produce | past | nation | the tremendous reverse | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Result | ||||
| 5 | seek | past | sage men | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | inquire speech: other not said to happen | to-infinitive | sage men not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | write | infinitive | sage men not said here | the particulars | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent particular=Theme | ||||
| 8 | is | past | it | late property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | ascertain | to-infinitive | men = man | men's exact verity | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic | ||||
| 10 | effect | this astounding blow | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/1/10/