Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter IX., sentence 24
He was a native of Damascus; his name was Taric ben Zeyad; but, from having lost an eye, he was known among the Spaniards by the appellation of Taric el Tuerto, or Taric the one-eyed.
Who acts: delight, name, appellation · What happens: be, have, lose, know, name · To what, where: native, Taric ben, eye, delight
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter IX.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (delight, name, appellation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 native | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 native | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 native | det |
| 4 | native | native | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Damascus | case |
| 6 | Damascus | Damascus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 native | nmod |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 ben | punct |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 name | nmod:poss |
| 9 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 ben | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 ben | cop |
| 11 | Taric | Taric | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 ben | compound |
| 12 | ben | ben | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 native | conj |
| 13 | Zeyad | Zeyad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 ben | appos |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 known | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 known | cc |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 but | punct |
| 17 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 18 having | mark |
| 18 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 known | advcl |
| 19 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 having | xcomp |
| 20 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 eye | det |
| 21 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lost | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 having | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 known | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 known | aux:pass |
| 25 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 native | parataxis |
| 26 | among | among | ADP | _ | 28 Spaniards | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Spaniards | det |
| 28 | Spaniards | Spaniard | PROPN | Number=Plur | 25 known | obl |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 appellation | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 appellation | det |
| 31 | appellation | appellation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 known | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 el | case |
| 33 | Taric | Taric | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 el | compound |
| 34 | el | El | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 appellation | nmod |
| 35 | Tuerto | Tuerto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 el | flat |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 Taric | punct |
| 37 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 Taric | cc |
| 38 | Taric | Taric | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 el | flat |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 eyed | det |
| 40 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 eyed | nummod |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 one | punct |
| 42 | eyed | eyed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 el | acl:relcl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 native | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | delight | a native and Taric ben | of Damascus | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | past | delight's name | Taric ben | Zeyad appos | tree rules | |||
| 3 | have | gerund | the appellation of Taric el not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | lose | participle | the appellation of Taric el not said here | a eye | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | know | past · passive | the appellation of Taric el | delight | among the Spaniards | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | name | delight | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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