Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 2
When Don Roderick heard that legions of turbaned troops had poured into the land from Africa, he called to mind the visions and predictions of the necromantic tower, and great fear came upon him.
Who acts: Don, great fear · What happens: hear, pour, call, mind, come, predict · To what, where: legions, land, visions, necromantic tower · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Don, great fear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Don | Don | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | Roderick | Roderick | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Don | flat |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 called | advcl |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 poured | mark |
| 6 | legions | legion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 poured | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 troops | case |
| 8 | turbaned | turbaned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 troops | amod |
| 9 | troops | troops | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 6 legions | nmod |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 poured | aux |
| 11 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 heard | ccomp |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 14 land | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 land | det |
| 14 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 poured | obl |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 Africa | case |
| 16 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 poured | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 called | nsubj |
| 19 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 mind | mark |
| 21 | mind | mind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 called | xcomp |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 visions | det |
| 23 | visions | vision | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 mind | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 predictions | cc |
| 25 | predictions | prediction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 visions | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 tower | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 tower | det |
| 28 | necromantic | necromantic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 tower | amod |
| 29 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 predictions | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 came | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 came | cc |
| 32 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 fear | amod |
| 33 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 came | nsubj |
| 34 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 called | conj |
| 35 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 36 him | case |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 came | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Don | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | pour | past · perfect · passive | legions of turbaned troops | the land | from Africa | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme into land=Destination from africa=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | call | past | DON | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | mind | to-infinitive | DON not said here | the visions and predictions of the necromantic tower | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vision=Theme | ||||
| 5 | come | past | great fear | upon DON | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Location | ||||
| 6 | predict | the necromantic tower | nom prediction «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/12/2/