Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 18
The prince, however, commanded them to charge; upon which, putting spurs to their steeds, they rushed upon the foe.
Who acts: prince, cavaliers · What happens: command, charge, put, rush · To what, where: cavaliers, spurs, foe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, cavaliers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 prince | det |
| 2 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 commanded | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 prince | punct |
| 4 | however | however | ADV | _ | 6 commanded | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 however | punct |
| 6 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 commanded | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 charge | mark |
| 9 | charge | charge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 commanded | xcomp |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 which | punct |
| 11 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 12 which | case |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 charge | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 putting | punct |
| 14 | putting | put | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 charge | advcl |
| 15 | spurs | spur | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 putting | obj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 steeds | case |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 steeds | nmod:poss |
| 18 | steeds | steed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 putting | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 rushed | punct |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 rushed | nsubj |
| 21 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 commanded | parataxis |
| 22 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 24 foe | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 foe | det |
| 24 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 rushed | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | the prince | cavaliers = cavalier | however property | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | charge not said to happen | to-infinitive | the prince not said here | which obj | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location which=Theme | ||||
| 3 | put | gerund | the prince not said here | spurs | to cavaliers's steeds | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent spur=Goal | |||
| 4 | rush | past | cavaliers = cavalier | the foe | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon foe=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/13/18/