Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 45
The prince seized the reins of the steed of Tenderos; but the faithful animal, as though he knew him to be the foe of his late lord, reared and plunged, and refused to let him mount.
Who acts: prince, Tenderos · What happens: seize, know, be, rear, plunge, refuse · To what, where: reins, Tenderos, foe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, Tenderos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 prince | det |
| 2 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 seized | nsubj |
| 3 | seized | seize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 reins | det |
| 5 | reins | rein | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 seized | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 steed | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 steed | det |
| 8 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 reins | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Tenderos | case |
| 10 | Tenderos | Tenderos | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 steed | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 animal | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 animal | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 animal | det |
| 14 | faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 animal | amod |
| 15 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 seized | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 knew | punct |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 knew | mark |
| 18 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 20 knew | mark |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 knew | nsubj |
| 20 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 seized | conj |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 knew | obj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 foe | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 foe | cop |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 foe | det |
| 25 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 knew | ccomp |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 lord | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 lord | nmod:poss |
| 28 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 lord | amod |
| 29 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 foe | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 reared | punct |
| 31 | reared | rear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 seized | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 plunged | cc |
| 33 | plunged | plunge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 reared | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 refused | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 refused | cc |
| 36 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 seized | conj |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 let | mark |
| 38 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 refused | xcomp |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 let | obj |
| 40 | mount | mount | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 let | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 seized | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seize | past | the prince | the reins of the steed of Tenderos | the faithful animal conj | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rein=Theme | |||
| 2 | know | past | Prince | Tenderos | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | the foe | of Tenderos's late lord | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | rear | past | the prince not said here | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | plunge | past | the prince not said here | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 6 | refuse | past | the prince not said here | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | not let | to-infinitive | the prince not said here | Tenderos | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | mount | infinitive | Tenderos not said here | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/13/45/