Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 17
Fields were laid waste, towns and cities plundered, the inhabitants carried into captivity, and the whole country lay in smoking desolation.
Who acts: Fields, towns, inhabitants, whole country · What happens: lay, be, plunder, carry, lie · To what, where: laid waste, captivity, smoking desolation
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fields, towns, inhabitants, whole country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 waste | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 waste | cop |
| 3 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 waste | amod |
| 4 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 towns | punct |
| 6 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 waste | conj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 cities | cc |
| 8 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 towns | conj |
| 9 | plundered | plunder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 towns | acl:relcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 carried | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 inhabitants | det |
| 12 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 carried | nsubj |
| 13 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 waste | parataxis |
| 14 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 captivity | case |
| 15 | captivity | captivity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 carried | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 lay | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 lay | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 country | det |
| 19 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 country | amod |
| 20 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 lay | nsubj |
| 21 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 carried | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 desolation | case |
| 23 | smoking | smoking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 desolation | compound |
| 24 | desolation | desolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 lay | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 waste | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | participle | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | past | Fields | laid waste and towns and cities | towns and cities conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | plunder | past | towns and cities not said here | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | carry | past | the inhabitants | captivity | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | lie | past | the whole country | smoking desolation | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in desolation=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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