Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 17
Wearied and wayworn, I lay down one night to sleep beneath a palm tree, by the side of a fountain, when I was awakened by a voice saying unto me, in soft accents, ‘Son of sorrow, why sleepest thou?’
Who acts: I, voice · What happens: weary, wayworn, lay down, sleep, awaken, say · To what, where: I, soft accents, thou · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wearied | weary | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 lay | advcl |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 wayworn | cc |
| 3 | wayworn | wayworn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Wearied | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 lay | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 lay | nsubj |
| 6 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | down | down | ADV | _ | 6 lay | advmod |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 night | nummod |
| 9 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lay | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 sleep | mark |
| 11 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 lay | advcl |
| 12 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 15 tree | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 tree | det |
| 14 | palm | palm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 tree | compound |
| 15 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sleep | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 side | punct |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 side | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 side | det |
| 19 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sleep | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 fountain | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 fountain | det |
| 22 | fountain | fountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 side | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 awakened | punct |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 awakened | advmod |
| 25 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 awakened | nsubj |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 awakened | aux:pass |
| 27 | awakened | awaken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 side | acl:relcl |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 voice | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 voice | det |
| 30 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 awakened | obl |
| 31 | saying | say | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 voice | acl |
| 32 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 33 me | case |
| 33 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 saying | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 accents | punct |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 accents | case |
| 36 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 accents | amod |
| 37 | accents | accent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 awakened | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 Son | punct |
| 39 | ‘ | ‘ | PUNCT | _ | 40 Son | punct |
| 40 | Son | Son | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 accents | nmod |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 sorrow | case |
| 42 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 Son | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 sleepest | punct |
| 44 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 45 sleepest | advmod |
| 45 | sleepest | sleep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 Son | acl:relcl |
| 46 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 45 sleepest | obj |
| 47 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 lay | punct |
| 48 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | weary | participle | I not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | wayworn | participle | I not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | lay down | present | I | night | down property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | sleep | to-infinitive | I not said here | beneath a palm tree; by the side of a fountain | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | awaken | past · passive | a voice | I | soft accents Son of sorrow | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme | |||
| 6 | say speech: assert | gerund | a voice not said here | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | sleep | present | thou | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/17/