Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 18
I opened my eyes, and beheld one of a fair and beauteous countenance, in shining apparel and with glorious wings, standing by the fountain; and I said, ‘Who art thou who callest upon me in this deep hour of the night?’
Who acts: I · What happens: open, behold, shine, stand, say, call · To what, where: eyes, one, apparel · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 opened | nsubj |
| 2 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 4 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 opened | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 beheld | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 beheld | cc |
| 7 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 opened | conj |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 beheld | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 countenance | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 countenance | det |
| 11 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 countenance | amod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 beauteous | cc |
| 13 | beauteous | beauteous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 fair | conj |
| 14 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 one | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 shining | punct |
| 16 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 17 shining | mark |
| 17 | shining | shine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 beheld | advcl |
| 18 | apparel | apparel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 shining | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 wings | cc |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 wings | case |
| 21 | glorious | glorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 wings | amod |
| 22 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 apparel | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 standing | punct |
| 24 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 shining | conj |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 fountain | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 fountain | det |
| 27 | fountain | fountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 standing | obl |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 said | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 said | cc |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 said | nsubj |
| 31 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 opened | parataxis |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 art | punct |
| 33 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 35 art | punct |
| 34 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 art | nsubj |
| 35 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 said | ccomp |
| 36 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 35 art | obj |
| 37 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 callest | nsubj |
| 38 | callest | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 art | conj |
| 39 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 40 me | case |
| 40 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 callest | obl |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 hour | case |
| 42 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 44 hour | det |
| 43 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 hour | amod |
| 44 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 callest | obl |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 night | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 night | det |
| 47 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 hour | nmod |
| 48 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 31 said | punct |
| 49 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 31 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | past | I | my eyes | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location eye=Theme | ||||
| 2 | behold | past | I not said here | one of a fair countenance | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | shine | gerund | I not said here | apparel and glorious wings | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent apparel=Theme | ||||
| 4 | stand | gerund | I not said here | by the fountain | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fountain=Location | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | I | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | call | present | hour | upon me; who nsubj | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/18/