Legends of the conquest of Spain, Traitorous Message of Count Julian., sentence 37
Plucking a shaft from his quiver, and turning and rising in the stirrups as his courser galloped at full speed, he drew the arrow to the head and launched it at his pursuer.
Who acts: page, courser · What happens: pluck, turn, rise, gallop, draw, launch · To what, where: shaft, quiver, stirrups, full speed, arrow, head
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Traitorous Message of Count Julian.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (page, courser), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plucking | pluck | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 drew | advcl |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 shaft | det |
| 3 | shaft | shaft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Plucking | obj |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 quiver | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 quiver | nmod:poss |
| 6 | quiver | quiver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Plucking | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 turning | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 turning | cc |
| 9 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Plucking | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 rising | cc |
| 11 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 turning | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 stirrups | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 stirrups | det |
| 14 | stirrups | stirrup | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 rising | obl |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 galloped | mark |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 courser | nmod:poss |
| 17 | courser | courser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 galloped | nsubj |
| 18 | galloped | gallop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 rising | advcl |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 speed | case |
| 20 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 speed | amod |
| 21 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 galloped | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Plucking | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 drew | nsubj |
| 24 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 arrow | det |
| 26 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 drew | obj |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 head | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 head | det |
| 29 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 arrow | nmod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 launched | cc |
| 31 | launched | launch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 drew | conj |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 launched | obj |
| 33 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 pursuer | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 pursuer | nmod:poss |
| 35 | pursuer | pursuer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 launched | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pluck | gerund | page not said here | a shaft | page's quiver | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent shaft=Theme from quiver=Source | |||
| 2 | turn | gerund | page not said here | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | rise | gerund | page not said here | the stirrups | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in stirrup=Location | ||||
| 4 | gallop | past | page's courser | full speed | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | draw | past | page | the arrow | the head | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent arrow=Theme to head=Destination | |||
| 6 | launch | past | page not said here | courser | page's pursuer | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme at pursuer=Destination | |||
| 7 | quiver | page | nom quiver «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/17/37/