Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick., sentence 20
Whether he went down amidst the storm of battle, and atoned for his sins and errors by a patriot grave, or whether he survived to repent of them in hermit exile, must remain matter of conjecture and dispute.
Who acts: mystery, battle, conjecture · What happens: go down, atone, survive, repent, remain, storm · To what, where: hermit exile, matter
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mystery, battle, conjecture), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 3 went | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 5 | amidst | amidst | ADP | _ | 7 storm | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 storm | det |
| 7 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 battle | case |
| 9 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 storm | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 atoned | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 atoned | cc |
| 12 | atoned | atone | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 sins | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 sins | nmod:poss |
| 15 | sins | sin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 atoned | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 errors | cc |
| 17 | errors | error | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 sins | conj |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 grave | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 grave | det |
| 20 | patriot | patriot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 grave | compound |
| 21 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 atoned | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 survived | punct |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 survived | cc |
| 24 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 26 survived | mark |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 survived | nsubj |
| 26 | survived | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 atoned | conj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 repent | mark |
| 28 | repent | repent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 survived | xcomp |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 them | case |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 repent | obl |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 exile | case |
| 32 | hermit | hermit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 exile | compound |
| 33 | exile | exile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 repent | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 remain | punct |
| 35 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 remain | aux |
| 36 | remain | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 repent | conj |
| 37 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 remain | xcomp |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 conjecture | case |
| 39 | conjecture | conjecture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 matter | nmod |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 dispute | cc |
| 41 | dispute | dispute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 matter | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go down | past | mystery | amidst the storm of battle; down property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | atone | past | mystery not said here | for mystery's sins and errors; by a patriot grave | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | survive | past | mystery | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | repent | to-infinitive | mystery not said here | hermit exile | of errors = error | tree rules | |||
| 5 | remain | must | mystery not said here | matter of conjecture and dispute | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | storm | battle | nom storm «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 7 | matter | conjecture | nom matter «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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