Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 23
By this time their hearts were so chilled they could not seek any other passage by which they might advance; so they turned back and hastened out of the cave.
Who acts: time, hearts · What happens: chill, not seek, advance, turn back, hasten · To what, where: hearts, other passage, cave
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (time, hearts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 seek | obl |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 hearts | nmod:poss |
| 5 | hearts | heart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 chilled | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 chilled | aux:pass |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 chilled | advmod |
| 8 | chilled | chill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 time | acl:relcl |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 seek | nsubj |
| 10 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 seek | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 seek | advmod |
| 12 | seek | seek | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 13 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 15 passage | det |
| 14 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 passage | amod |
| 15 | passage | passage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 seek | obj |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 which | case |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 advance | obl |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 advance | nsubj |
| 19 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 advance | aux |
| 20 | advance | advance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 passage | acl:relcl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 turned | punct |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 turned | advmod |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 turned | nsubj |
| 24 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 seek | parataxis |
| 25 | back | back | ADV | _ | 24 turned | advmod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hastened | cc |
| 27 | hastened | hasten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 turned | conj |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 cave | case |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 cave | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 cave | det |
| 31 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hastened | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 seek | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chill | past · passive | this time not said here | table's hearts | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | not seek | could | hearts = heart | any other passage | time | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passage=Theme | |||
| 3 | advance | might | hearts = heart | by any other passage | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | turn back | past | hearts = heart | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | hasten | participle | hearts = heart not said here | the cave | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out cave=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/23/