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Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 43

The learned Salazar de Mendoza, however, in his history of the grand cardinal of Spain, affirms it as an established fact, that it was first wrought out of the rock by Tubal, the son of Japhet, and grandson of Noah; and afterwards repaired and greatly augmented by Hercules the Egyptian, who made it his habitation after he had erected his pillars at the straits of Gibraltar.

Who acts: learned Salazar Mendoza, cardinal, Mendoza · What happens: learn, affirm, establish, be, repair, augment · To what, where: cardinal, history, rock, Egyptian, pillars, straits

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (learned Salazar Mendoza, cardinal, Mendoza), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detamodcompoundflatnsubjpunctadvmodpunctcasenmod:possoblcasedetamodnmodcasenmodpunctobjcasedetamodoblpunctmarknsubjcopadvmodconjcasecasedetoblcasenmodpunctdetconjcasenmodpunctccconjcasenmodpunctccadvmodparataxisccadvmodconjcaseobldetobjpunctnsubjacl:relclobjnmod:possobjmarknsubjauxadvclnmod:possobjcasedetoblcasenmodpunctrootTheDETlearnedVERBSalazarPROPNdePROPNMendozaPROPN,PUNCThoweverADV,PUNCTinADPhisPRONhistoryNOUNofADPtheDETgrandADJcardinalNOUNofADPSpainPROPN,PUNCTaffirmsVERBitPRONasADPanDETestablishedVERBfactNOUN,PUNCTthatSCONJitPRONwasAUXfirstADVwroughtADJoutADPofADPtheDETrockNOUNbyADPTubalPROPN,PUNCTtheDETsonNOUNofADPJaphetPROPN,PUNCTandCCONJgrandsonNOUNofADPNoahPROPN;PUNCTandCCONJafterwardsADVrepairedVERBandCCONJgreatlyADVaugmentedVERBbyADPHerculesPROPNtheDETEgyptianADJ,PUNCTwhoPRONmadeVERBitPRONhisPRONhabitationNOUNafterSCONJhePRONhadAUXerectedVERBhisPRONpillarsNOUNatADPtheDETstraitsNOUNofADPGibraltarPROPN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 Mendozadet
2learnedlearnVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass5 Mendozaamod
3SalazarSalazarPROPNNumber=Sing5 Mendozacompound
4dedePROPNNumber=Sing3 Salazarflat
5MendozaMendozaPROPNNumber=Sing19 affirmsnsubj
6,,PUNCT_5 Mendozapunct
7howeverhoweverADV_19 affirmsadvmod
8,,PUNCT_7 howeverpunct
9ininADP_11 historycase
10hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs11 historynmod:poss
11historyhistoryNOUNNumber=Sing19 affirmsobl
12ofofADP_15 cardinalcase
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 cardinaldet
14grandgrandADJDegree=Pos15 cardinalamod
15cardinalcardinalNOUNNumber=Sing11 historynmod
16ofofADP_17 Spaincase
17SpainSpainPROPNNumber=Sing15 cardinalnmod
18,,PUNCT_11 historypunct
19affirmsaffirmVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
20ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs19 affirmsobj
21asasADP_24 factcase
22anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art24 factdet
23establishedestablishVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass24 factamod
24factfactNOUNNumber=Sing19 affirmsobl
25,,PUNCT_30 wroughtpunct
26thatthatSCONJ_30 wroughtmark
27ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs30 wroughtnsubj
28wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin30 wroughtcop
29firstfirstADVNumForm=Word NumType=Ord30 wroughtadvmod
30wroughtwroughtADJDegree=Pos19 affirmsconj
31outoutADP_34 rockcase
32ofofADP_34 rockcase
33thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 rockdet
34rockrockNOUNNumber=Sing30 wroughtobl
35bybyADP_36 Tubalcase
36TubalTubalPROPNNumber=Sing34 rocknmod
37,,PUNCT_39 sonpunct
38thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 sondet
39sonsonNOUNNumber=Sing34 rockconj
40ofofADP_41 Japhetcase
41JaphetJaphetPROPNNumber=Sing39 sonnmod
42,,PUNCT_44 grandsonpunct
43andandCCONJ_44 grandsoncc
44grandsongrandsonNOUNNumber=Sing30 wroughtconj
45ofofADP_46 Noahcase
46NoahNoahPROPNNumber=Sing44 grandsonnmod
47;;PUNCT_50 repairedpunct
48andandCCONJ_50 repairedcc
49afterwardsafterwardsADV_50 repairedadvmod
50repairedrepairVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass19 affirmsparataxis
51andandCCONJ_53 augmentedcc
52greatlygreatlyADV_53 augmentedadvmod
53augmentedaugmentVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass50 repairedconj
54bybyADP_55 Herculescase
55HerculesHerculesPROPNNumber=Sing53 augmentedobl
56thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art57 Egyptiandet
57EgyptianEgyptianADJDegree=Pos53 augmentedobj
58,,PUNCT_60 madepunct
59whowhoPRONPronType=Rel60 madensubj
60mademakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin57 Egyptianacl:relcl
61ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs60 madeobj
62hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs63 habitationnmod:poss
63habitationhabitationNOUNNumber=Sing60 madeobj
64afterafterSCONJ_67 erectedmark
65hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs67 erectednsubj
66hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin67 erectedaux
67erectederectVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part60 madeadvcl
68hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs69 pillarsnmod:poss
69pillarspillarNOUNNumber=Plur67 erectedobj
70atatADP_72 straitscase
71thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art72 straitsdet
72straitsstraitNOUNNumber=Plur67 erectedobl
73ofofADP_74 Gibraltarcase
74GibraltarGibraltarPROPNNumber=Sing72 straitsnmod
75..PUNCT_19 affirmspunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1learnparticiplevn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2affirmpresentthe learned Salazar MendozacardinalMendoza's history of the grand cardinal of Spainas a established fact; however propertyvn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
3establishparticiplevn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4ispastcardinalthe rock by Tubal and the son of Japhetgrandson of Noah conj; first, wrought propertytree rules
5repairparticipleafterwards propertyvn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent
6augmentparticiplethe Egyptianby Hercules; greatly propertyvn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent egyptian=Patient
7makepastcardinalwho nsubj; Mendoza's habitation objvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset it=Beneficiary habitation=Product
8erectpast · perfectMendozaMendoza's pillarsthe straits of Gibraltarvn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pillar=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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