Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter I., sentence 4

Many gave out, faint and weary, by the way, and fell into the hands of the enemy; others, at the distant sight of a turban or a Moslem standard, or on hearing the clangour of a trumpet, abandoned their flocks and herds, and hastened their flight with their families.

Who acts: Many, others · What happens: give out, fall, hear, abandon, hasten, sight · To what, where: hands, clangour, flocks, flight, turban, trumpet

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter I.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 gave	nsubj
2	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 gave	compound:prt
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 faint	punct
5	faint	faint	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 gave	parataxis
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 weary	cc
7	weary	weary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 faint	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 way	punct
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 way	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 fell	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 fell	cc
14	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 gave	conj
15	into	into	ADP	_	17 hands	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 hands	det
17	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 fell	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 enemy	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 enemy	det
20	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 hands	nmod
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 others	punct
22	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 abandoned	nsubj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 sight	punct
24	at	at	ADP	_	27 sight	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 sight	det
26	distant	distant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 sight	amod
27	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 others	nmod
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 turban	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 turban	det
30	turban	turban	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 sight	nmod
31	or	or	CCONJ	_	34 standard	cc
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 standard	det
33	Moslem	Moslem	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 standard	amod
34	standard	standard	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 turban	conj
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 abandoned	punct
36	or	or	CCONJ	_	45 abandoned	cc
37	on	on	SCONJ	_	38 hearing	mark
38	hearing	hear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	45 abandoned	advcl
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 clangour	det
40	clangour	clangour	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 hearing	obj
41	of	of	ADP	_	43 trumpet	case
42	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	43 trumpet	det
43	trumpet	trumpet	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 clangour	nmod
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 hearing	punct
45	abandoned	abandon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 gave	parataxis
46	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	47 flocks	nmod:poss
47	flocks	flock	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 abandoned	obj
48	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 herds	cc
49	herds	herd	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 flocks	conj
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	52 hastened	punct
51	and	and	CCONJ	_	52 hastened	cc
52	hastened	hasten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	45 abandoned	conj
53	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	54 flight	nmod:poss
54	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 hastened	obj
55	with	with	ADP	_	57 families	case
56	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	57 families	nmod:poss
57	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	52 hastened	obl
58	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 gave	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	give out	past	Many		by the way	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	fall	past	Many not said here		into the hands of the enemy result	vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into hand=Result
3	hear	gerund	others at the distant sight of a turban or a Moslem standard not said here	the clangour of a trumpet		vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer clangour=Stimulus
4	abandon	past	others at the distant sight of a turban or a Moslem standard	others's flocks and herds		vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme flock=Source
5	hasten	past	others at the distant sight of a turban or a Moslem standard not said here	flocks's flight	with flocks's families	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent flight=Patient with family=Instrument
6	sight			a turban or a Moslem standard		nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient
7	clangour			a trumpet		nom clangour «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/22/4/

🌲 Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter I., sentence 4

The tree

Pragmatics

Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter I., sentence 4