Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 21
The inhabitants were a bold and hardy race, who looked upon their mountains as everlasting fortresses that could never be taken.
Who acts: inhabitants, bold race · What happens: be, look, not take · To what, where: bold race, everlasting fortresses
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants, bold race), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 inhabitants | det |
| 2 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 race | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 race | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 race | det |
| 5 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 race | amod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 hardy | cc |
| 7 | hardy | hardy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 bold | conj |
| 8 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 looked | punct |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 looked | nsubj |
| 11 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 race | acl:relcl |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 mountains | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 mountains | nmod:poss |
| 14 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 looked | obl |
| 15 | as | as | ADP | _ | 17 fortresses | case |
| 16 | everlasting | everlasting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 fortresses | compound |
| 17 | fortresses | fortress | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 looked | obl |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 taken | aux |
| 20 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 taken | advmod |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 taken | aux:pass |
| 22 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 fortresses | acl:relcl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 race | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the inhabitants | a bold race | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | look | past | a bold race | upon inhabitants's mountains; as everlasting fortresses | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon mountain=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not take | could · passive | everlasting fortresses | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/21/