Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 58

The subjugation of this rugged region, however, was for a long time incomplete; many of the Christians maintained a wild and hostile independence, living in green glens and scanty valleys among the heights; and the sierra of the Alpuxarras has, in all ages, been one of the most difficult parts of Andalusia to be subdued.

Who acts: subjugation, sierra · What happens: be, maintain, live, have, subdue, subjugate · To what, where: wild independence, green glens, ages, one, rugged region

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (subjugation, sierra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 subjugation	det
2	subjugation	subjugation	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 maintained	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 region	case
4	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 region	det
5	rugged	rugged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 region	amod
6	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 subjugation	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 subjugation	punct
8	however	however	ADV	_	14 time	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 however	punct
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 time	cop
11	for	for	ADP	_	14 time	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 time	det
13	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 time	amod
14	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 subjugation	conj
15	incomplete	incomplete	ADV	_	14 time	advmod
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 maintained	punct
17	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 Christians	amod
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 Christians	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Christians	det
20	Christians	Christian	PROPN	Number=Plur	21 maintained	nsubj
21	maintained	maintain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 independence	det
23	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 independence	amod
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 hostile	cc
25	hostile	hostile	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 wild	conj
26	independence	independence	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 maintained	obj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 living	punct
28	living	live	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	21 maintained	advcl
29	in	in	ADP	_	31 glens	case
30	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 glens	amod
31	glens	glen	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 living	obl
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 valleys	cc
33	scanty	scanty	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 valleys	compound
34	valleys	valley	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 glens	conj
35	among	among	ADP	_	37 heights	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 heights	det
37	heights	height	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 glens	nmod
38	;	;	PUNCT	_	45 has	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 has	cc
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 sierra	det
41	sierra	sierra	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 has	nsubj
42	of	of	ADP	_	44 Alpuxarras	case
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 Alpuxarras	det
44	Alpuxarras	Alpuxarras	PROPN	Number=Sing	41 sierra	nmod
45	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 maintained	conj
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 ages	punct
47	in	in	ADP	_	49 ages	case
48	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	49 ages	det
49	ages	age	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 has	obj
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	52 one	punct
51	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	52 one	cop
52	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	49 ages	appos
53	of	of	ADP	_	57 parts	case
54	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	57 parts	det
55	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	56 difficult	advmod
56	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	57 parts	amod
57	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	52 one	nmod
58	of	of	ADP	_	59 Andalusia	case
59	Andalusia	Andalusia	PROPN	Number=Sing	57 parts	nmod
60	to	to	PART	_	62 subdued	mark
61	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	62 subdued	aux:pass
62	subdued	subdue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	52 one	acl
63	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 maintained	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the subjugation of this rugged region and a long time not said here			for a long time	however, incomplete property	tree rules
2	maintain	past	the subjugation of this rugged region and a long time	a wild independence			the many Christians nsubj	vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent independence=Theme
3	live	gerund	the subjugation of this rugged region and a long time not said here		green glens among the heights and scanty valleys			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in glen=Location
4	have	present	the sierra of the Alpuxarras	all ages				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Patient
5	is a	participle		one			of the difficult parts of Andalusia	tree rules
6	subdue	to-infinitive · passive						vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»
7	subjugate			this rugged region				nom subjugation «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/58/

🌲 Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 58

The tree

Pragmatics

Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 58