Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 8
As the Arab chieftain eyed the place, he was pleased with its stern warrior look, contrasting with the smiling beauty of its vega, and the freshness and voluptuous abundance of its hills and valleys.
Who acts: Arab chieftain, chieftain, stern warrior · What happens: eye, be, look, contrast, smile · To what, where: place
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arab chieftain, chieftain, stern warrior), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 eyed | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 chieftain | det |
| 3 | Arab | Arab | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 chieftain | amod |
| 4 | chieftain | chieftain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 eyed | nsubj |
| 5 | eyed | eye | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 pleased | advcl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 place | det |
| 7 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 eyed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 eyed | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 pleased | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 pleased | cop |
| 11 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 12 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 16 look | mark |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 warrior | nmod:poss |
| 14 | stern | stern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 warrior | amod |
| 15 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 look | nsubj |
| 16 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 pleased | advcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 contrasting | punct |
| 18 | contrasting | contrast | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 look | advcl |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 beauty | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 beauty | det |
| 21 | smiling | smile | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 beauty | amod |
| 22 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 contrasting | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 vega | case |
| 24 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 vega | nmod:poss |
| 25 | vega | vega | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 beauty | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 freshness | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 freshness | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 freshness | det |
| 29 | freshness | freshness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pleased | parataxis |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 abundance | cc |
| 31 | voluptuous | voluptuous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 abundance | amod |
| 32 | abundance | abundance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 freshness | conj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 hills | case |
| 34 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 hills | nmod:poss |
| 35 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 abundance | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 valleys | cc |
| 37 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 hills | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 pleased | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eye | past | the Arab chieftain | the place | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer place=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is | past | chieftain | the freshness and voluptuous abundance of warrior's hills and valleys parataxis; pleased property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | look | infinitive | place's stern warrior | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | contrast | gerund | place's stern warrior not said here | with the smiling beauty of warrior's vega | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with beauty=Co-Patient | ||||
| 5 | smile | gerund | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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