Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VI., sentence 2
While these events were passing in Cordova, the one-eyed Arab general, Taric el Tuerto, having subdued the city and vega of Granada, and the Mountains of the Sun and Air, directed his march into the interior of the kingdom to attack the ancient city of Toledo, the capital of the Gothic kings.
Who acts: events, Mountains · What happens: pass, subdue, direct, attack · To what, where: Cordova, city, march, interior, ancient city
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (events, Mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 5 passing | mark |
| 2 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 events | det |
| 3 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 passing | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 passing | aux |
| 5 | passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 subdued | advcl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Cordova | case |
| 7 | Cordova | Cordova | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 passing | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 general | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 general | det |
| 10 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 eyed | nummod |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 one | punct |
| 12 | eyed | eyed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 general | amod |
| 13 | Arab | Arab | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 general | amod |
| 14 | general | general | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Cordova | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 el | punct |
| 16 | Taric | Taric | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 el | compound |
| 17 | el | El | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Cordova | conj |
| 18 | Tuerto | Tuerto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 el | flat |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 passing | punct |
| 20 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 subdued | aux |
| 21 | subdued | subdue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 city | det |
| 23 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 subdued | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 vega | cc |
| 25 | vega | vega | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 city | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Granada | case |
| 27 | Granada | Granada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 vega | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Mountains | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 Mountains | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Mountains | det |
| 31 | Mountains | Mountain | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 subdued | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Sun | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Sun | det |
| 34 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Mountains | nmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 Air | cc |
| 36 | Air | Air | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Sun | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 directed | punct |
| 38 | directed | direct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 Mountains | acl:relcl |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 march | nmod:poss |
| 40 | march | march | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 directed | obj |
| 41 | into | into | ADP | _ | 43 interior | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 interior | det |
| 43 | interior | interior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 directed | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 kingdom | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 kingdom | det |
| 46 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 interior | nmod |
| 47 | to | to | PART | _ | 48 attack | mark |
| 48 | attack | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 directed | advcl |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 city | det |
| 50 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 city | amod |
| 51 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 attack | obj |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 Toledo | case |
| 53 | Toledo | Toledo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 city | nmod |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 capital | punct |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 capital | det |
| 56 | capital | capital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 Toledo | appos |
| 57 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 kings | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 kings | det |
| 59 | Gothic | gothic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 kings | amod |
| 60 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 capital | nmod |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 subdued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | past · progressive | this events | Cordova and Taric el | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in cordova=Location | ||||
| 2 | subdue | gerund · perfect | the city and vega of Granada | the Mountains of the Sun and Air obj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | direct | past | the Mountains of the Sun and Air not said here | EL's march | the interior of the kingdom | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent march=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | attack | to-infinitive | the Mountains of the Sun and Air not said here | the ancient city of Toledo | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/27/2/