Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VI., sentence 3
So great was the terror caused by the rapid conquests of the invaders, that, at the very rumour of their approach, many of the inhabitants, though thus in the very citadel of the kingdom, abandoned it and fled to the mountains with their families.
Who acts: approach, invaders · What happens: be, cause, abandon, flee, rumour, approach · To what, where: great terror, kingdom, mountains
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (approach, invaders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 great | advmod |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 terror | amod |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 terror | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 terror | det |
| 5 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 terror | acl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 conquests | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 conquests | det |
| 9 | rapid | rapid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 conquests | amod |
| 10 | conquests | conquest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 caused | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 invaders | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 invaders | det |
| 13 | invaders | invader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 conquests | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 that | punct |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 invaders | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 rumour | punct |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 20 rumour | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 rumour | det |
| 19 | very | very | ADV | _ | 20 rumour | advmod |
| 20 | rumour | rumour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 that | parataxis |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 approach | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 approach | nmod:poss |
| 23 | approach | approach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 rumour | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 many | punct |
| 25 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 rumour | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 inhabitants | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 inhabitants | det |
| 28 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 many | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 citadel | punct |
| 30 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 35 citadel | mark |
| 31 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 35 citadel | advmod |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 citadel | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 citadel | det |
| 34 | very | very | ADV | _ | 35 citadel | advmod |
| 35 | citadel | citadel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 many | appos |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 kingdom | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 kingdom | det |
| 38 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 citadel | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 abandoned | punct |
| 40 | abandoned | abandon | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 citadel | parataxis |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 abandoned | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 fled | cc |
| 43 | fled | flee | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 abandoned | conj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 mountains | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 mountains | det |
| 46 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 fled | obl |
| 47 | with | with | ADP | _ | 49 families | case |
| 48 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 families | nmod:poss |
| 49 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 mountains | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 terror | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the great terror | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | cause | participle | the great terror not said here | by the rapid conquests of the invaders that at the rumour of invaders's approach | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | ||||
| 3 | abandon | past | kingdom | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme it=Source | |||||
| 4 | flee | past | the mountains with Mountains's families | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to mountain=Initial_Location | |||||
| 5 | rumour | invaders's approach | nom rumour «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 6 | approach | invaders = invader | nom approach «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/27/3/