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Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and Capture of Carmona., sentence 14

Shortly after the Arabs had encamped before their walls, a band of cavaliers made a sudden sally one morning before the break of day, fell upon the enemy by surprise, killed above three hundred of them in their tents, and effected their retreat into the city; leaving twenty of their number dead, covered with honourable wounds, and in the very centre of the camp.

Who acts: Arabs, band, surprise · What happens: encamp, make, fall, kill, affect, leave · To what, where: sudden sally, centre, enemy, three hundred, tents, retreat

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and Capture of Carmona.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arabs, band, surprise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodmarkdetnsubjauxadvclcasenmod:possoblpunctdetnsubjcasenmoddetamodobjnummodnmod:unmarkedcasedetoblcasenmodpunctconjcasedetoblcaseoblpunctacladvmodcompoundobjcasenmodcasenmod:possnmodpunctccconjnmod:possobjcasedetoblpunctadvclcompoundcasenmod:possnmodadvclpunctadvclcaseamodoblpunctcccasedetadvmodoblcasedetnmodpunctrootShortlyADVafterSCONJtheDETArabsPROPNhadAUXencampedVERBbeforeADPtheirPRONwallsNOUN,PUNCTaDETbandNOUNofADPcavaliersNOUNmadeVERBaDETsuddenADJsallyNOUNoneNUMmorningNOUNbeforeADPtheDETbreakNOUNofADPdayNOUN,PUNCTfellVERBuponADPtheDETenemyNOUNbyADPsurpriseNOUN,PUNCTkilledVERBaboveADVthreeNUMhundredNUMofADPthemPRONinADPtheirPRONtentsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJeffectedVERBtheirPRONretreatNOUNintoADPtheDETcityNOUN;PUNCTleavingVERBtwentyNUMofADPtheirPRONnumberNOUNdeadADJ,PUNCTcoveredVERBwithADPhonourableADJwoundsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJinADPtheDETveryADVcentreNOUNofADPtheDETcampNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ShortlyshortlyADV_6 encampedadvmod
2afterafterSCONJ_6 encampedmark
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 Arabsdet
4ArabsArabPROPNNumber=Plur6 encampednsubj
5hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin6 encampedaux
6encampedencampVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part15 madeadvcl
7beforebeforeADP_9 wallscase
8theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs9 wallsnmod:poss
9wallswallNOUNNumber=Plur6 encampedobl
10,,PUNCT_6 encampedpunct
11aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art12 banddet
12bandbandNOUNNumber=Sing15 madensubj
13ofofADP_14 cavalierscase
14cavalierscavalierNOUNNumber=Plur12 bandnmod
15mademakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
16aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art18 sallydet
17suddensuddenADJDegree=Pos18 sallyamod
18sallysallyNOUNNumber=Sing15 madeobj
19oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card20 morningnummod
20morningmorningNOUNNumber=Sing18 sallynmod:unmarked
21beforebeforeADP_23 breakcase
22thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art23 breakdet
23breakbreakNOUNNumber=Sing15 madeobl
24ofofADP_25 daycase
25daydayNOUNNumber=Sing23 breaknmod
26,,PUNCT_27 fellpunct
27fellfallVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin15 madeconj
28uponuponADP_30 enemycase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 enemydet
30enemyenemyNOUNNumber=Sing27 fellobl
31bybyADP_32 surprisecase
32surprisesurpriseNOUNNumber=Sing27 fellobl
33,,PUNCT_34 killedpunct
34killedkillVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass32 surpriseacl
35aboveaboveADV_37 hundredadvmod
36threethreeNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card37 hundredcompound
37hundredhundredNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card34 killedobj
38ofofADP_39 themcase
39themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs37 hundrednmod
40ininADP_42 tentscase
41theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs42 tentsnmod:poss
42tentstentNOUNNumber=Plur37 hundrednmod
43,,PUNCT_45 effectedpunct
44andandCCONJ_45 effectedcc
45effectedaffectVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin15 madeconj
46theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs47 retreatnmod:poss
47retreatretreatNOUNNumber=Sing45 effectedobj
48intointoADP_50 citycase
49thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art50 citydet
50citycityNOUNNumber=Sing45 effectedobl
51;;PUNCT_52 leavingpunct
52leavingleaveVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part15 madeadvcl
53twentytwentyNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card57 deadcompound
54ofofADP_56 numbercase
55theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs56 numbernmod:poss
56numbernumberNOUNNumber=Sing53 twentynmod
57deaddeadADJDegree=Pos52 leavingadvcl
58,,PUNCT_59 coveredpunct
59coveredcoverVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass52 leavingadvcl
60withwithADP_62 woundscase
61honourablehonourableADJDegree=Pos62 woundsamod
62woundswoundNOUNNumber=Plur59 coveredobl
63,,PUNCT_68 centrepunct
64andandCCONJ_68 centrecc
65ininADP_68 centrecase
66thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art68 centredet
67veryveryADV_68 centreadvmod
68centrecentreNOUNNumber=Sing15 madeobl
69ofofADP_71 campcase
70thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art71 campdet
71campcampNOUNNumber=Sing68 centrenmod
72..PUNCT_15 madepunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1encamppast · perfectthe Arabsbefore Arabs's wallsshortly propertytree rules
2makepasta band of cavaliersa sudden sally one morningthe centre of the campbefore the break of dayvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sally=Product
3fallpasta band of cavaliers not said herethe enemyby surprisevn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon enemy=Location
4killparticiplesurprise not said herethree hundred of ArabsArabs's tentsvn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme
5affectpasta band of cavaliers not said hereArabs's retreatthe cityvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus retreat=Experiencer
6leavegerunda band of cavaliers not said herevn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7coverparticiplea band of cavaliers not said herewith honourable woundsvn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with wound=Theme
8breakdaynom break «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/28/14/