Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 29
The noise of the terrific conflict that took place was heard on the city walls, and answered by shouts of exultation; for the Christians thought it rose from the terror and confusion of the Arab camp.
Who acts: terrific conflict, Christians, noise · What happens: take, hear, answer, shout, think, rise · To what, where: place, noise, city walls, terror, Arab camp · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (terrific conflict, Christians, noise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 noise | det |
| 2 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 conflict | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 conflict | det |
| 5 | terrific | terrific | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 conflict | amod |
| 6 | conflict | conflict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 noise | nmod |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 took | nsubj |
| 8 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 conflict | acl:relcl |
| 9 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 took | obj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 heard | aux:pass |
| 11 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 walls | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 walls | det |
| 14 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 walls | compound |
| 15 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 heard | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 answered | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 answered | cc |
| 18 | answered | answer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 heard | parataxis |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 shouts | case |
| 20 | shouts | shout | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 answered | conj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 exultation | case |
| 22 | exultation | exultation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shouts | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 thought | punct |
| 24 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 27 thought | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Christians | det |
| 26 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 27 thought | nsubj |
| 27 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 heard | conj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 rose | nsubj |
| 29 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 thought | ccomp |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 terror | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 terror | det |
| 32 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 rose | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 confusion | cc |
| 34 | confusion | confusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 terror | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 camp | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 camp | det |
| 37 | Arab | Arab | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 camp | amod |
| 38 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 confusion | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the terrific conflict | place | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hear | past · passive | the noise of the terrific conflict | the city walls | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | answer speech: assert | participle | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | shout speech: express | present | of exultation | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other | past | the Christians | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | rise | past | noise | the terror and confusion of the Arab camp | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from terror=Initial_Location | ||||
| 7 | noise | the terrific conflict | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 8 | confuse | the Arab camp | nom confusion «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/30/29/