Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 46
When they found that the Moslems were constructing tremendous engines for the destruction of their walls, they lost all courage, and, surrounding the governor in a clamorous multitude, compelled him to send forth persons to capitulate.
Who acts: citizens, Moslems · What happens: find, construct, lose, surround, compel, send · To what, where: tremendous engines, courage, governor, word, persons, walls · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (citizens, Moslems), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 found | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 found | nsubj |
| 3 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 lost | advcl |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 constructing | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Moslems | det |
| 6 | Moslems | Moslem | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 constructing | nsubj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 constructing | aux |
| 8 | constructing | construct | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 found | ccomp |
| 9 | tremendous | tremendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 engines | amod |
| 10 | engines | engine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 constructing | obj |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 destruction | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 destruction | det |
| 13 | destruction | destruction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 constructing | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 walls | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 walls | nmod:poss |
| 16 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 destruction | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 found | punct |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 lost | nsubj |
| 19 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 courage | det |
| 21 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lost | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 compelled | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 compelled | cc |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 and | punct |
| 25 | surrounding | surround | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 compelled | advcl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 governor | det |
| 27 | governor | governor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 surrounding | obj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 multitude | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 multitude | det |
| 30 | clamorous | clamorous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 multitude | amod |
| 31 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 surrounding | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 surrounding | punct |
| 33 | compelled | compel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 lost | conj |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 compelled | obj |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 send | mark |
| 36 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 compelled | xcomp |
| 37 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 36 send | advmod |
| 38 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 send | obj |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 capitulate | mark |
| 40 | capitulate | capitulate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 persons | acl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 lost | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | citizens = citizen | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | construct | past · progressive | the Moslems | tremendous engines | for the destruction of citizens's walls | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent engine=Result for destruction=Beneficiary | |||
| 3 | lose | past | citizens = citizen | all courage | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | surround | gerund | the governor | in a clamorous multitude | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent governor=Destination in multitude=Theme | ||||
| 5 | compel | past | citizens = citizen not said here | word | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Patient clause=Result | ||||
| 6 | send | to-infinitive | citizens = citizen not said here | persons | forth property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme | |||
| 7 | capitulate | to-infinitive | citizens = citizen not said here | persons not said here | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | destroy | citizens's walls | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/30/46/