Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 39
“Here,” said he, “a simple goatherd, who can hurl down rocks and stones, is as good as a warrior armed in proof.”
Who acts: Theodomir, simple goatherd · What happens: say, hurl down, be, arm · To what, where: rocks, warrior, proof · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Theodomir, simple goatherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Here | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Here | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 said | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 good | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 good | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 goatherd | det |
| 10 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 goatherd | amod |
| 11 | goatherd | goatherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 good | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hurl | punct |
| 13 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 hurl | nsubj |
| 14 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 hurl | aux |
| 15 | hurl | hurl | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 goatherd | acl:relcl |
| 16 | down | down | ADP | _ | 15 hurl | compound:prt |
| 17 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 hurl | obj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 stones | cc |
| 19 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 rocks | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 goatherd | punct |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 good | cop |
| 22 | as | as | ADV | _ | 23 good | advmod |
| 23 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 said | ccomp |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 26 warrior | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 warrior | det |
| 26 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 good | obl |
| 27 | armed | arm | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 warrior | acl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 proof | case |
| 29 | proof | proof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 armed | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Theodomir | here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | hurl down in a quote | can | a simple goatherd | rocks and stones | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | a simple goatherd | as a warrior; good property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | arm in a quote | participle | a warrior not said here | proof | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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