Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 41
Theodomir was in a fair way to baffle his foes and oblige them to withdraw from his territories; unfortunately, however, the wary veteran had two sons with him, young men of hot and heady valour, who considered all this prudence of their father as savouring of cowardice, and who were anxious to try their prowess in the open field.
Who acts: Theodomir, wary veteran, hot valour · What happens: be, baffle, oblige, withdraw, have, consider · To what, where: fair way, foes, territories, two sons, prudence, prowess
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Theodomir, wary veteran, hot valour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Theodomir | Theodomir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 way | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 way | cop |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 way | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 way | det |
| 5 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 way | amod |
| 6 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 baffle | mark |
| 8 | baffle | baffle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 way | acl |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 foes | nmod:poss |
| 10 | foes | foe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 baffle | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 oblige | cc |
| 12 | oblige | oblige | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 baffle | conj |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 oblige | obj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 withdraw | mark |
| 15 | withdraw | withdraw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 oblige | xcomp |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 territories | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 territories | nmod:poss |
| 18 | territories | territory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 withdraw | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 had | punct |
| 20 | unfortunately | unfortunately | ADV | _ | 27 had | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 unfortunately | punct |
| 22 | however | however | ADV | _ | 27 had | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 however | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 veteran | det |
| 25 | wary | wary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 veteran | amod |
| 26 | veteran | veteran | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 had | nsubj |
| 27 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 way | conj |
| 28 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 sons | nummod |
| 29 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 had | obj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 him | case |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 sons | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 men | punct |
| 33 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 men | amod |
| 34 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 sons | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 valour | case |
| 36 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 valour | amod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 heady | cc |
| 38 | heady | heady | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 hot | conj |
| 39 | valour | valour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 men | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 considered | punct |
| 41 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 considered | nsubj |
| 42 | considered | consider | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 valour | acl:relcl |
| 43 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 45 prudence | det:predet |
| 44 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 45 prudence | det |
| 45 | prudence | prudence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 considered | obj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 father | case |
| 47 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 father | nmod:poss |
| 48 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 prudence | nmod |
| 49 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 50 savouring | mark |
| 50 | savouring | savour | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 42 considered | advcl |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 cowardice | case |
| 52 | cowardice | cowardice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 savouring | obl |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 anxious | punct |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 anxious | cc |
| 55 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 57 anxious | nsubj |
| 56 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 anxious | cop |
| 57 | anxious | anxious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 had | parataxis |
| 58 | to | to | PART | _ | 59 try | mark |
| 59 | try | try | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 57 anxious | csubj |
| 60 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 61 prowess | nmod:poss |
| 61 | prowess | prowess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 try | obj |
| 62 | in | in | ADP | _ | 65 field | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 field | det |
| 64 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 field | amod |
| 65 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 try | obl |
| 66 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 way | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Theodomir | a fair way | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | baffle | to-infinitive | Theodomir's foes | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus foe=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | oblige | present | foes = foe | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Patient clause=Result | |||||
| 4 | withdraw | to-infinitive | Theodomir's territories | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from territory=Initial_Location | |||||
| 5 | have | past | the wary veteran | two sons and young men of hot valour | with Theodomir; however, unfortunately property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | |||
| 6 | consider | past | hot valour | all prudence of men's father | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent prudence=Attribute | ||||
| 7 | savour | gerund | hot valour not said here | of cowardice | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | is | past | who nsubj; anxious property | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | try | to-infinitive | men's prowess | the open field | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prowess=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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