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Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 62

Come, my friends,” said he, turning to his principal cavaliers, “let us leave these hot-headed striplings and make our retreat; if we tarry any longer, the enemy will be upon us.”

Who acts: you, friends, us, enemy · What happens: come, say, turn, let, leave, make · To what, where: principal cavaliers, us, headed striplings, retreat · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, friends, us, enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

punctnmod:possnsubjpunctpunctconjnsubjpunctadvclcasenmod:possamodoblpunctpunctadvclobjxcompdetamodpunctamodobjccconjnmod:possobjpunctmarknsubjparataxisadvmodadvmodpunctdetnsubjauxcopcaseadvclpunctpunctrootComeVERB,PUNCTmyPRONfriendsNOUN,PUNCT”PUNCTsaidVERBhePRON,PUNCTturningVERBtoADPhisPRONprincipalADJcavaliersNOUN,PUNCT“PUNCTletVERBusPRONleaveVERBtheseDEThotADJ-PUNCTheadedADJstriplingsNOUNandCCONJmakeVERBourPRONretreatNOUN;PUNCTifSCONJwePRONtarryADJanyADVlongerADV,PUNCTtheDETenemyNOUNwillAUXbeAUXuponADPusPRON.PUNCT”PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ComecomeVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2,,PUNCT_7 saidpunct
3mymyPRONCase=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs4 friendsnmod:poss
4friendsfriendNOUNNumber=Plur7 saidnsubj
5,,PUNCT_4 friendspunct
6”"PUNCT_4 friendspunct
7saidsayVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin1 Comeconj
8hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs7 saidnsubj
9,,PUNCT_10 turningpunct
10turningturnVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part7 saidadvcl
11totoADP_14 cavalierscase
12hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs14 cavaliersnmod:poss
13principalprincipalADJDegree=Pos14 cavaliersamod
14cavalierscavalierNOUNNumber=Plur10 turningobl
15,,PUNCT_17 letpunct
16“"PUNCT_17 letpunct
17letletVERBVerbForm=Inf10 turningadvcl
18uswePRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs17 letobj
19leaveleaveVERBVerbForm=Inf17 letxcomp
20thesethisDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem24 striplingsdet
21hothotADJDegree=Pos23 headedamod
22--PUNCT_21 hotpunct
23headedheadedADJDegree=Pos24 striplingsamod
24striplingsstriplingNOUNNumber=Plur19 leaveobj
25andandCCONJ_26 makecc
26makemakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin19 leaveconj
27ourourPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs28 retreatnmod:poss
28retreatretreatNOUNNumber=Sing26 makeobj
29;;PUNCT_32 tarrypunct
30ififSCONJ_32 tarrymark
31wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs32 tarrynsubj
32tarrytarryADJDegree=Pos1 Comeparataxis
33anyanyADV_34 longeradvmod
34longerlongADVDegree=Cmp32 tarryadvmod
35,,PUNCT_41 uspunct
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art37 enemydet
37enemyenemyNOUNNumber=Sing41 usnsubj
38willwillAUXVerbForm=Fin41 usaux
39bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf41 uscop
40uponuponADP_41 uscase
41uswePRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs32 tarryadvcl
42..PUNCT_1 Comepunct
43”"PUNCT_1 Comepunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1comeimperativeyou not said herevn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2say speech: assert in a quotepastmy friendspestilence nsubjvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3turn in a quotegerundmy friends not said herepestilence's principal cavaliersvn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to cavalier=Trajectory
4letinfinitivemy friends not said hereustree rules
5leaveinfinitiveus not said herethis headed striplingsvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stripling=Theme
6makepresentus not said hereour retreatvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset retreat=Product
7isfuturethe enemyupon ustree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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