Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 63
Upon this the cavaliers and proud hidalgoes drew up scornfully and tossed their heads: “What do you see in us,” said they, “that you think we will show our backs to the enemy?
Who acts: cavaliers, you, we · What happens: draw up, toss, see, say, think, show · To what, where: heads, backs, enemy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cavaliers, you, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Upon | upon | ADP | _ | 2 this | case |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 cavaliers | obl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 cavaliers | det |
| 4 | cavaliers | cavalier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 drew | nsubj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 hidalgoes | cc |
| 6 | proud | proud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hidalgoes | amod |
| 7 | hidalgoes | hidalgoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 cavaliers | conj |
| 8 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 drew | compound:prt |
| 10 | scornfully | scornfully | ADV | _ | 8 drew | advmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 tossed | cc |
| 12 | tossed | toss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 drew | conj |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 heads | nmod:poss |
| 14 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 tossed | obj |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 see | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 see | punct |
| 17 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 20 see | obj |
| 18 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 see | aux |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 see | nsubj |
| 20 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 drew | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 us | case |
| 22 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 see | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 see | punct |
| 24 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 see | punct |
| 25 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 drew | conj |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 said | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 show | punct |
| 28 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 show | punct |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 think | mark |
| 30 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 think | nsubj |
| 31 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 show | advcl |
| 32 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 show | nsubj |
| 33 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 show | aux |
| 34 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 said | parataxis |
| 35 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 backs | nmod:poss |
| 36 | backs | back | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 show | obj |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 enemy | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 enemy | det |
| 39 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 show | obl |
| 40 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw up | past | the cavaliers upon this and proud hidalgoes | scornfully property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | toss | past | the cavaliers upon this and proud hidalgoes not said here | cavaliers's heads | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | ||||
| 3 | see in a quote | present · do-support | you | in us; What obj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | say speech: ask | past | cavaliers = cavalier | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other in a quote | present | you | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | show in a quote | future | we | our backs | the enemy | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent back=Topic to enemy=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/31/63/