Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 88
Abdalasis waited until the whole had come forth; then, turning to Theodomir, “Where,” cried he, “are the soldiers whom I saw last evening, lining the walls and towers?”
Who acts: Abdalasis, whole · What happens: wait, come, turn, cry, be, see · To what, where: Theodomir, Abdalasis, soldiers, walls · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abdalasis, whole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abdalasis | Abdalasis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 waited | nsubj |
| 2 | waited | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 7 come | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 whole | det |
| 5 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 come | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 come | aux |
| 7 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 waited | advcl |
| 8 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 7 come | advmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 turning | punct |
| 10 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 turning | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 turning | punct |
| 12 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 waited | advcl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 Theodomir | case |
| 14 | Theodomir | Theodomir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 turning | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 cried | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 Where | punct |
| 17 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 20 cried | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Where | punct |
| 19 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 Where | punct |
| 20 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 turning | conj |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 cried | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 soldiers | punct |
| 23 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 soldiers | punct |
| 24 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 soldiers | cop |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 soldiers | det |
| 26 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 turning | conj |
| 27 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 saw | obj |
| 28 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 saw | nsubj |
| 29 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 soldiers | acl:relcl |
| 30 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 evening | amod |
| 31 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 saw | obl:unmarked |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 lining | punct |
| 33 | lining | line | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 turning | conj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 walls | det |
| 35 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 lining | obj |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 towers | cc |
| 37 | towers | tower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 walls | conj |
| 38 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 waited | punct |
| 39 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 waited | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wait | past | Abdalasis | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | come | past · perfect | the whole | forth property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | turn | gerund | Abdalasis not said here | Theodomir | then | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to theodomir=Result | |||
| 4 | cry speech: express | past | Abdalasis not said here | Abdalasis | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic | ||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | Abdalasis not said here | the soldiers | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | see in a quote | past | Abdalasis | the soldiers | evening | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | line in a quote | gerund | Abdalasis not said here | the walls and towers | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wall=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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