Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Arrives At Toledo.—interview Between Him and Taric., sentence 20
What madness, to venture every thing upon a desperate chance, when thou knewest I was coming with a force to make the victory secure!
Who acts: thou, I · What happens: venture, know, come, make · To what, where: thing, victory · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Arrives At Toledo.—interview Between Him and Taric.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 venture | obl |
| 2 | madness | madness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 venture | punct |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 venture | mark |
| 5 | venture | venture | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 thing | det |
| 7 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 venture | obj |
| 8 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 11 chance | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 chance | det |
| 10 | desperate | desperate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 chance | amod |
| 11 | chance | chance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 venture | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 knewest | punct |
| 13 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 knewest | advmod |
| 14 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 knewest | nsubj |
| 15 | knewest | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 venture | conj |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 coming | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 coming | aux |
| 18 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 knewest | ccomp |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 force | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 force | det |
| 21 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 coming | obl |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 make | mark |
| 23 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 coming | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 victory | det |
| 25 | victory | victory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 make | obj |
| 26 | secure | secure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 make | xcomp |
| 27 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 venture | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | venture | to-infinitive | every thing | upon a desperate chance; What madness obl | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic | ||||
| 2 | know | past | thou | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | come | past · progressive | I | with a force | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | make | to-infinitive | I not said here | the victory | secure property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset victory=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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