Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIII., sentence 18
He made a parting address to his adherents, full of cheerful confidence; assuring them that he would soon return, loaded with new favours and honours by his sovereign, and enabled to reward them all for their faithful services.
Who acts: man, adherents · What happens: make, assure, return, load, enable, reward · To what, where: parting address, adherents
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, adherents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 address | det |
| 4 | parting | parting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 address | compound |
| 5 | address | address | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 made | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 adherents | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 adherents | nmod:poss |
| 8 | adherents | adherent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 made | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 full | punct |
| 10 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 adherents | amod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 confidence | case |
| 12 | cheerful | cheerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 confidence | amod |
| 13 | confidence | confidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 full | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 assuring | punct |
| 15 | assuring | assure | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 made | advcl |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 assuring | obj |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 return | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 return | nsubj |
| 19 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 return | aux |
| 20 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 21 return | advmod |
| 21 | return | return | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 assuring | advcl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 loaded | punct |
| 23 | loaded | load | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 return | advcl |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 favours | case |
| 25 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 favours | amod |
| 26 | favours | favour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 loaded | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 honours | cc |
| 28 | honours | honour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 favours | conj |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 sovereign | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 sovereign | nmod:poss |
| 31 | sovereign | sovereign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 loaded | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 enabled | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 enabled | cc |
| 34 | enabled | enable | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | conj |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 reward | mark |
| 36 | reward | reward | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 enabled | xcomp |
| 37 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 reward | obj |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 37 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 42 services | case |
| 40 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 services | nmod:poss |
| 41 | faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 services | amod |
| 42 | services | service | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 reward | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | man | a parting address | to man's adherents | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent address=Product | |||
| 2 | assure | gerund | man not said here | adherents = adherent | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | return | would | man | soon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | load | participle | man not said here | with new favours and honours; by man's sovereign | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by sovereign=Destination | ||||
| 5 | enable | past | man not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | reward | to-infinitive | man not said here | adherents = adherent | for adherents's faithful services | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent they=Theme for service=Attribute | |||
| 7 | service | adherents = adherent | nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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