Legends of the conquest of Spain, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain., sentence 26
[52] From hence, he sent his generals to overrun all those vast and rugged sierras, which rise like ramparts along the ocean borders of the peninsula; and they carried the standard of Islam in triumph even to the mountains of Biscay, collecting all manner of precious spoil.
Who acts: Abdalasis, vast sierras, sierras · What happens: send, overrun, rise, carry, collect · To what, where: 52, vast sierras, ocean borders, standard, triumph, manner
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abdalasis, vast sierras, sierras), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 52 | punct |
| 2 | 52 | 52 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 sent | obl |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 52 | punct |
| 4 | From | from | ADP | _ | 5 hence | case |
| 5 | hence | hence | ADV | _ | 2 52 | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 52 | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 sent | nsubj |
| 8 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 generals | nmod:poss |
| 10 | generals | general | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sent | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 overrun | mark |
| 12 | overrun | overrun | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 sent | advcl |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 sierras | det:predet |
| 14 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 18 sierras | det |
| 15 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 sierras | amod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 rugged | cc |
| 17 | rugged | rugged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 vast | conj |
| 18 | sierras | sierra | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 overrun | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 rise | punct |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 rise | nsubj |
| 21 | rise | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 sierras | acl:relcl |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 23 ramparts | case |
| 23 | ramparts | rampart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 rise | obl |
| 24 | along | along | ADP | _ | 27 borders | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 borders | det |
| 26 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 borders | compound |
| 27 | borders | border | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 rise | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 peninsula | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 peninsula | det |
| 30 | peninsula | peninsula | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 borders | nmod |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 carried | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 carried | cc |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 carried | nsubj |
| 34 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sent | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 standard | det |
| 36 | standard | standard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 carried | obj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Islam | case |
| 38 | Islam | Islam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 standard | nmod |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 triumph | case |
| 40 | triumph | triumph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 carried | obl |
| 41 | even | even | ADV | _ | 44 mountains | advmod |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 mountains | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 mountains | det |
| 44 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 carried | obl |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 Biscay | case |
| 46 | Biscay | Biscay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 mountains | nmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 collecting | punct |
| 48 | collecting | collect | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 34 carried | advcl |
| 49 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 50 manner | det |
| 50 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 collecting | obj |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 spoil | case |
| 52 | precious | precious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 spoil | amod |
| 53 | spoil | spoil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 manner | nmod |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | Abdalasis | 52 | Abdalasis's generals obj | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent general=Theme | |||
| 2 | overrun | to-infinitive | Abdalasis not said here | all vast sierras | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | rise | present | all vast sierras | the ocean borders of the peninsula | like ramparts | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along border=Location | |||
| 4 | carry | past | sierras = sierra | the standard of Islam | triumph | to the mountains of Biscay | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent standard=Theme to mountain=Destination | ||
| 5 | collect | gerund | sierras = sierra not said here | all manner of precious spoil | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/36/26/