Legends of the conquest of Spain, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain., sentence 32
Instead of a sudden but transient influx of wealth, made by the ruin of the land, which left the country desolate, a regular and permanent revenue sprang up, produced by reviving prosperity, and gathered without violence.
Who acts: land, country, regular revenue · What happens: make, leave, desolate, spring up, produce, revive · To what, where: sudden influx, country, prosperity, land
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, country, regular revenue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 7 influx | case |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 1 Instead | fixed |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 influx | det |
| 4 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 influx | amod |
| 5 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 6 transient | cc |
| 6 | transient | transient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sudden | conj |
| 7 | influx | influx | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 wealth | case |
| 9 | wealth | wealth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 influx | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 influx | acl |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 ruin | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 ruin | det |
| 14 | ruin | ruin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 land | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 land | det |
| 17 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 ruin | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 left | punct |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 left | nsubj |
| 20 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 land | acl:relcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 country | det |
| 22 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 left | obj |
| 23 | desolate | desolate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 left | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 sprang | punct |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 revenue | det |
| 26 | regular | regular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 revenue | amod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 permanent | cc |
| 28 | permanent | permanent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 regular | conj |
| 29 | revenue | revenue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 sprang | nsubj |
| 30 | sprang | spring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 ruin | parataxis |
| 31 | up | up | ADP | _ | 30 sprang | compound:prt |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 produced | punct |
| 33 | produced | produce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 sprang | conj |
| 34 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 35 reviving | mark |
| 35 | reviving | revive | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 produced | advcl |
| 36 | prosperity | prosperity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 reviving | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 gathered | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 gathered | cc |
| 39 | gathered | gather | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 sprang | conj |
| 40 | without | without | ADP | _ | 41 violence | case |
| 41 | violence | violence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 gathered | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 influx | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | a sudden influx of wealth not said here | by the ruin of the land | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 2 | leave | past | the land | the country | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | desolate | infinitive | the country not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | spring up | past | a regular revenue | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | produce | participle | a regular revenue not said here | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | revive | gerund | a regular revenue not said here | prosperity | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent prosperity=Patient | ||||
| 7 | gather | past | a regular revenue not said here | without violence | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 9 | ruin | the land | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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