Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 103
The countess took refuge with her forces in the citadel, and made a desperate defence; but the walls were sapped and mined, and she saw that all resistance would soon be unavailing.
Who acts: countess, Alahor, resistance · What happens: take, make, sap, mine, see, be · To what, where: refuge, citadel, desperate defence, walls, unavailing
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (countess, Alahor, resistance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 countess | det |
| 2 | countess | countess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | nsubj |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | refuge | refuge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 forces | case |
| 6 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 forces | nmod:poss |
| 7 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 took | obl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 citadel | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 citadel | det |
| 10 | citadel | citadel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 made | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 made | cc |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 defence | det |
| 15 | desperate | desperate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 defence | amod |
| 16 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 made | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 sapped | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 sapped | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 walls | det |
| 20 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 sapped | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 sapped | aux:pass |
| 22 | sapped | sap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 took | parataxis |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 mined | cc |
| 24 | mined | mine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 sapped | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 saw | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 saw | cc |
| 27 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 saw | nsubj |
| 28 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 unavailing | mark |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 31 resistance | det |
| 31 | resistance | resistance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 unavailing | nsubj |
| 32 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 unavailing | aux |
| 33 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 35 unavailing | advmod |
| 34 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 35 unavailing | cop |
| 35 | unavailing | unavailing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 saw | xcomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the countess | refuge | the citadel | with Alahor's forces | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent refuge=Value in citadel=Location | ||
| 2 | make | past | the countess not said here | a desperate defence | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset defence=Product | ||||
| 3 | sap | past · passive | the walls | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Source | |||||
| 4 | mine | participle | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | see | past | Alahor | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | is a | would | all resistance | unavailing | soon property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/39/103/