Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 32
The hearts of the ancient guardians quaked within them, and their knees smote together; but several of the youthful cavaliers rushed in, eager to gratify their curiosity, or to signalise themselves in this redoubtable enterprise.
Who acts: hearts, knees, several · What happens: quake, smite, rush in, gratify, signalise · To what, where: curiosity, hearts, redoubtable enterprise
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hearts, knees, several), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hearts | det |
| 2 | hearts | heart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 quaked | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 guardians | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 guardians | det |
| 5 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 guardians | amod |
| 6 | guardians | guardian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hearts | nmod |
| 7 | quaked | quake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | within | within | ADP | _ | 9 them | case |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 quaked | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 smote | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 smote | cc |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 knees | nmod:poss |
| 13 | knees | knee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 smote | nsubj |
| 14 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 quaked | conj |
| 15 | together | together | ADV | _ | 14 smote | advmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 rushed | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 rushed | cc |
| 18 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 rushed | nsubj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 cavaliers | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 cavaliers | det |
| 21 | youthful | youthful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 cavaliers | amod |
| 22 | cavaliers | cavalier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 several | obl |
| 23 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 quaked | parataxis |
| 24 | in | in | ADV | _ | 23 rushed | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 eager | punct |
| 26 | eager | eager | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 rushed | xcomp |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 gratify | mark |
| 28 | gratify | gratify | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 eager | xcomp |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 curiosity | nmod:poss |
| 30 | curiosity | curiosity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 gratify | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 signalise | punct |
| 32 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 signalise | cc |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 signalise | mark |
| 34 | signalise | signalise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 gratify | conj |
| 35 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 34 signalise | obj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 enterprise | case |
| 37 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 enterprise | det |
| 38 | redoubtable | redoubtable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 enterprise | amod |
| 39 | enterprise | enterprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 signalise | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 quaked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | quake | past | the hearts of the ancient guardians | within guardians = guardian | vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | smite | past | hearts's knees | together property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | rush in | past | several of the youthful cavaliers | eager property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | gratify | to-infinitive | several of the youthful cavaliers not said here | hearts's curiosity | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus curiosity=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | signalise | to-infinitive | several of the youthful cavaliers not said here | hearts = heart | this redoubtable enterprise | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/32/