Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 85

Then there came a vast flight of birds, small of size and sable of hue, darkening the sky like a cloud; and they descended and wheeled in circles round the ashes, causing so great a wind with their wings that the whole was borne up into the air and scattered throughout all Spain, and wherever a particle of those ashes fell it was as a stain of blood.

Who acts: vast flight, flames, particle · What happens: come, darken, descend, wheel, cause, bear up · To what, where: sky, circles, great wind, whole, air

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (vast flight, flames, particle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 came	advmod
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 came	expl
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 flight	det
5	vast	vast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 flight	amod
6	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	nsubj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 birds	case
8	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 flight	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 size	punct
10	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 size	amod
11	of	of	ADP	_	10 small	obl
12	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 birds	appos
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 sable	cc
14	sable	sable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 size	conj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 hue	case
16	hue	hue	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 sable	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 darkening	punct
18	darkening	darken	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 came	advcl
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 sky	det
20	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 darkening	obj
21	like	like	ADP	_	23 cloud	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 cloud	det
23	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 darkening	obl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 descended	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 descended	cc
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 descended	nsubj
27	descended	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 wheeled	cc
29	wheeled	wheel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 descended	conj
30	in	in	ADP	_	31 circles	case
31	circles	circle	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 wheeled	obl
32	round	round	ADP	_	34 ashes	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 ashes	det
34	ashes	ash	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 wheeled	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 causing	punct
36	causing	cause	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 descended	advcl
37	so	so	ADV	_	38 great	advmod
38	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 wind	amod
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 wind	det
40	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 causing	obj
41	with	with	ADP	_	43 wings	case
42	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	43 wings	nmod:poss
43	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 causing	obl
44	that	that	SCONJ	_	48 borne	mark
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 whole	det
46	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 borne	nsubj
47	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	48 borne	aux:pass
48	borne	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	36 causing	advcl
49	up	up	ADP	_	48 borne	compound:prt
50	into	into	ADP	_	52 air	case
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 air	det
52	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 borne	obl
53	and	and	CCONJ	_	54 scattered	cc
54	scattered	scatter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	48 borne	conj
55	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	57 Spain	case
56	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	57 Spain	det
57	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	54 scattered	obl
58	,	,	PUNCT	_	66 fell	punct
59	and	and	CCONJ	_	66 fell	cc
60	wherever	wherever	ADV	PronType=Int	66 fell	advmod
61	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	62 particle	det
62	particle	particle	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 fell	nsubj
63	of	of	ADP	_	65 ashes	case
64	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	65 ashes	det
65	ashes	ash	NOUN	Number=Plur	62 particle	nmod
66	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	parataxis
67	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	71 stain	nsubj
68	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	71 stain	cop
69	as	as	ADP	_	71 stain	case
70	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	71 stain	det
71	stain	stain	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 fell	parataxis
72	of	of	ADP	_	73 blood	case
73	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	71 stain	nmod
74	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	a vast flight of birds		there	then		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	darken	gerund	a vast flight of birds not said here	the sky			like a cloud	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sky=Patient
3	descend	past	flames = flame					vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	wheel	participle	flames = flame not said here		circles		round the ashes	vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	cause	gerund	flames = flame not said here	a great wind			with flames's wings	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wind=Patient
6	bear up	past · passive		the whole	the air			vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
7	scatter	participle				throughout all Spain		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme throughout spain=Destination
8	fall	past	a particle of that ashes				wherever property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	is	past	particle				as a stain; of blood	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/85/

🌲 Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 85

The tree

Pragmatics

Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 85